Jacor
| Jacor Communications | |
|---|---|
| Тип | Корпорация |
| Дата основания | 1987 |
| Основатели | Терри Джейкобс |
| Расположение | Цинциннати, Огайо, США |
| Ключевые фигуры | Рэнди Майклс |
| Отрасль | Медиа |
| Продукция | Радио |
| Сайт | https://nytimes.com; https://google.com |
Jacor Communications — американская медиа корпорация, существовавшая с 1987 по 1999 год и владевшая рядом радиостанций. В 1998 году была приобретена «Clear Channel Communications» за 3,4 млрд долл., упразднена в 1999 году.
История
«Jacor Communications» была основана Терри Джейкобсом в 1979 году., и через два года приобрела три религиозных радиостанции. В июне 1989 года за 5 млн долл. был приобретён кабельный оператор «Telesat Cable» из северного Кентукки, который был продан в мае 1994 года
В 1992 году Федеральная комиссия по связи увеличила число радиостанций в одном городе, которыми может владеть одна компания до 3 радиостанций в формате AM и 3 в FM формате; в 1996 году был принят облегчающий слияния и поглощения телекоммуникационный акт. Затем «Jacor» начала активно покупать радиостанции.
В 1993 году инвестор Сэм Зелл через инвестиционный фонд «Zell Chillmark» приобрёл контрольный пакет акций за 80 млн долл. В мае основатель компании и её CEO Терри Джейкобс покинул «Jacor». Вице-президентом по программированию и COO стал Рэнди Майклс, через год ставший её президентом, а в 1996 году — CEO.
6 февраля 1996 года «Jacor» сообщила о планах приобрести за 152 млн долл. «Noble Broadcast Group Inc.». 13 февраля стало известно о покупке млн. долл. Citicasters. Частью сделки стала покупка телевизионного филиала CBS в Цинциннати WKRC-TV и телестанции WTSP в Тампе, штат Флорида (которая в сентябре была продана «Gannett Co.» в обмен на три радиостанции). В 1997 году была приобретена «Nationwide Communications».
В 1999 году «Jacor» была продана «Clear Channel Communications» за 3,4 млрд долл., из которых 1,2 млрд ушли на покрытие имевшихся долгов. К этому моменту «Jacor» был третьим в стране по размеру оператором синдицированного радио, владевшим 230 радиостанциями и радиосетью Premiere Networks (где выходили программы Раша Лимбо и Лоры Шлессинджер). В дальнейшем компания вошла в состав IHeartMedia.
Примечания
- Richman: Rising Values — https://www.inc.com/magazine/19860701/5113.html
- https://www.inc.com/magazine/19860701/5113.html
- https://web.archive.org/web/20190720152053/https://www.inc.com/magazine/19860701/5113.html
- Radio's big bully Salon.com — https://www.salon.com/2001/04/30/clear_channel/
- https://www.salon.com/2001/04/30/clear_channel/
- https://web.archive.org/web/20190606154854/https://www.salon.com/2001/04/30/clear_channel/
- Commission File No. 0-12404 Jacor Communications — https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/702808/0000702808-96-000006.txt
- https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/702808/0000702808-96-000006.txt
- https://web.archive.org/web/20170223181619/https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/702808/0000702808-96-000006.txt
- 28 Apr 1991, Page 91 - The Cincinnati Enquirer at Newspapers.com — http://www.newspapers.com/image/102129255/
- http://www.newspapers.com/image/102129255/
- https://web.archive.org/web/20190720152050/http://www.newspapers.com/image/102129255/
- Andrews: THE MEDIA BUSINESS; F.C.C. Loosens Restrictions On Owning Radio Stations — https://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/13/business/the-media-business-fcc-loosens-restrictions-on-owning-radio-stations.html
- https://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/13/business/the-media-business-fcc-loosens-restrictions-on-owning-radio-stations.html
- https://web.archive.org/web/20190722181802/https://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/13/business/the-media-business-fcc-loosens-restrictions-on-owning-radio-stations.html
- Cincinnati Magazine
- Brotman: Communications Law and Practice — https://books.google.com/books?id=FKnhFoQykdgC&q=2-38&pg=SA2-PA38
- https://books.google.com/books?id=FKnhFoQykdgC&q=2-38&pg=SA2-PA38
- Curtis: Sam Zell may be shopping Jacor — https://www.bizjournals.com/dayton/stories/1997/10/20/story1.html
- https://www.bizjournals.com/dayton/stories/1997/10/20/story1.html
- https://web.archive.org/web/20001018120858/http://www.bizjournals.com/dayton/stories/1997/10/20/story1.html
- Curtis: Merger would redraw market — https://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/stories/1999/08/09/story1.html
- https://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/stories/1999/08/09/story1.html
- https://web.archive.org/web/20040902044739/http://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/stories/1999/08/09/story1.html
- Carr: Tribune Board Said Ready to Oust Chief Executive — https://www.heraldtribune.com/article/LK/20101019/News/605221646/SH/
- https://www.heraldtribune.com/article/LK/20101019/News/605221646/SH/
- https://web.archive.org/web/20200920180124/https://www.heraldtribune.com/article/LK/20101019/News/605221646/SH/
- Reuters: Company News;jacor Communications to Buy Noble Broadcast Group — https://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/06/business/company-news-jacor-communications-to-buy-noble-broadcast-group.html
- https://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/06/business/company-news-jacor-communications-to-buy-noble-broadcast-group.html
- https://web.archive.org/web/20170202021258/http://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/06/business/company-news-jacor-communications-to-buy-noble-broadcast-group.html
- Citicasters to Be Purchased by Radio Firm Jacor — https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1996-02-14-fi-35798-story.html
- https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1996-02-14-fi-35798-story.html
- https://web.archive.org/web/20190730131540/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1996-02-14-fi-35798-story.html
- Jacor Communications Inc — https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/702808/0000702808-96-000006.txt
- Nielsen Business Media, Inc.: Billboard — https://books.google.com/books?id=0QkEAAAAMBAJ
- Источник — https://books.google.com/books?id=0QkEAAAAMBAJ
- https://books.google.com/books?id=0QkEAAAAMBAJ
- https://web.archive.org/web/20170729112747/https://books.google.com/books?id=0QkEAAAAMBAJ
- Gannett Announces Agreement with Jacor Communications — https://www.tegna.com/gannett-announces-agreement-with-jacor-communications/
- https://www.tegna.com/gannett-announces-agreement-with-jacor-communications/
- https://web.archive.org/web/20190730131542/https://www.tegna.com/gannett-announces-agreement-with-jacor-communications/
- Peers: Jacor's Nationwide — https://variety.com/1997/biz/news/jacor-s-nationwide-1116675372/
- https://variety.com/1997/biz/news/jacor-s-nationwide-1116675372/
- Myerson: The media business; Clear Channel to Buy Jacor For $2.8 Billion in Stock — https://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/09/business/the-media-business-clear-channel-to-buy-jacor-for-2.8-billion-in-stock.html
- https://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/09/business/the-media-business-clear-channel-to-buy-jacor-for-2.8-billion-in-stock.html
- https://web.archive.org/web/20190720154921/https://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/09/business/the-media-business-clear-channel-to-buy-jacor-for-2.8-billion-in-stock.html
- Journal: Clear Channel Wins Bidding Contest, Agrees to Buy Jacor Communications — https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB907848481506215500
- https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB907848481506215500
- https://web.archive.org/web/20170215113851/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB907848481506215500
- Nolan: Clear Channel Buys Jacor — https://apnews.com/d828c1dbc6706278d6188810043d7e1d
- https://apnews.com/d828c1dbc6706278d6188810043d7e1d
- https://web.archive.org/web/20211126163441/https://apnews.com/d828c1dbc6706278d6188810043d7e1d
- Morgan: Clear Channel buys Jacor — https://variety.com/1998/biz/news/clear-channel-buys-jacor-1117481271/
- https://variety.com/1998/biz/news/clear-channel-buys-jacor-1117481271/
- https://web.archive.org/web/20211103181553/https://variety.com/1998/biz/news/clear-channel-buys-jacor-1117481271/
- News: Clear Channel Buying 5 FM Radio Stations — https://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/04/business/clear-channel-buying-5-fm-radio-stations.html
- https://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/04/business/clear-channel-buying-5-fm-radio-stations.html
- https://web.archive.org/web/20190801150125/https://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/04/business/clear-channel-buying-5-fm-radio-stations.html
Ссылки
- Clear Channel Overview — http://www.ketupa.net/clear.htm
- Clear Channel Overview